References
Archival collection
Reginald Moore Sugar Land Convict Leasing research collection, 1880-2015, MS 636, Woodson Research Center
Secondary sources
Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name: Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II. New York: Anchor Books, 2008.
Haverkamp, Zach. “The Ghosts of Sugar Land,” Sugar Land Sun, 21 March 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/ghosts-of-sugar-land/article_b41323b9-cd30-584f-8a4a-1805c9274a02.html
Haverkamp, Zach. “The Specter of Sugar Land’s Past,” Sugar Land Sun, 26 March 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/the-specter-of-sugar-land-s-past/article_5fed45de-b2da-5b16-9207-61973ea436b5.html
Haverkamp, Zach. “Activists at Odds with City over Cemetery, Former Site of Imperial State Prison,” Sugar Land Sun, 3 April 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/activists-at-odds-with-city-over-cemetery-former-site-of/article_82d3795f-aaa5-55d3-8311-610ba5e23dda.html
Johnson, William Russell. A Short History of the Sugar Industry in Texas. Houston: Texas Gulf Coast Historical Association, 1961.
Lichtenstein, Alexander C. Twice the Work of Free Labor: The Political Economy of Convict Labor in the New South. London: Verso, 1996.
Lucko, Paul Michael. Prison Farms, Walls, and Society: Punishment and Politics in Texas, 1848--1910. Ph.D. diss., University of Texas at Austin, 1999.
Mancini, Matthew J. One Dies, Get Another: Convict Leasing in the American South, 1866-1928. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 1996.
McKelvey, Blake. “Penal Slavery and Southern Reconstruction,” Journal of Negro History, vol. 20, no. 2 (April 1935): 153-179.
Oshinsky, David M. “Worse Than Slavery”: Parchman Farm and the Ordeal of Jim Crow Justice. New York: Free Press, 1996.
Perkinson, Robert. Texas Tough: The Rise of America’s Prison Empire. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2010.
Potts, Charles S. “The Convict Lease System of Texas,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (1903): 426-437.
Slavery by Another Name (85 min.). It can be watched at: www.pbs.org/tpt/slavery-by-another-name/home and www.slaverybyanothername.com
Walker, Donald R. "Convict Lease System," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jnc01), accessed June 23, 2020.
Walker, Donald R. Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867-1912. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1988.
References
Archival collection
Reginald Moore Sugar Land Convict Leasing research collection, 1880-2015, MS 636, Woodson Research Center
Secondary sources
Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name: Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II. New York: Anchor Books, 2008.
Haverkamp, Zach. “The Ghosts of Sugar Land,” Sugar Land Sun, 21 March 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/ghosts-of-sugar-land/article_b41323b9-cd30-584f-8a4a-1805c9274a02.html
Haverkamp, Zach. “The Specter of Sugar Land’s Past,” Sugar Land Sun, 26 March 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/the-specter-of-sugar-land-s-past/article_5fed45de-b2da-5b16-9207-61973ea436b5.html
Haverkamp, Zach. “Activists at Odds with City over Cemetery, Former Site of Imperial State Prison,” Sugar Land Sun, 3 April 2014. Available at: http://www.yourhoustonnews.com/sugar_land/news/activists-at-odds-with-city-over-cemetery-former-site-of/article_82d3795f-aaa5-55d3-8311-610ba5e23dda.html
Johnson, William Russell. A Short History of the Sugar Industry in Texas. Houston: Texas Gulf Coast Historical Association, 1961.
Lichtenstein, Alexander C. Twice the Work of Free Labor: The Political Economy of Convict Labor in the New South. London: Verso, 1996.
Lucko, Paul Michael. Prison Farms, Walls, and Society: Punishment and Politics in Texas, 1848--1910. Ph.D. diss., University of Texas at Austin, 1999.
Mancini, Matthew J. One Dies, Get Another: Convict Leasing in the American South, 1866-1928. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 1996.
McKelvey, Blake. “Penal Slavery and Southern Reconstruction,” Journal of Negro History, vol. 20, no. 2 (April 1935): 153-179.
Oshinsky, David M. “Worse Than Slavery”: Parchman Farm and the Ordeal of Jim Crow Justice. New York: Free Press, 1996.
Perkinson, Robert. Texas Tough: The Rise of America’s Prison Empire. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2010.
Potts, Charles S. “The Convict Lease System of Texas,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (1903): 426-437.
Slavery by Another Name (85 min.). It can be watched at: www.pbs.org/tpt/slavery-by-another-name/home and www.slaverybyanothername.com
Walker, Donald R. "Convict Lease System," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jnc01), accessed June 23, 2020.
Walker, Donald R. Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867-1912. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1988.