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So we're here today at Library on July 9th, 2018 for the Houston Asian American Archive for interviewing Doctor Jiao Lee. My name is Priscila Lee Taylor Green. My name is Bridget Shen Le, the daughter of Doctor Lee. My name is Lee. Great. Um So we'll start

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with uh where and when were you born? Uh I was born in Tianjin, China. Ok. Uh What year in 1944? Ok. Uh What was your childhood like? Oh, my childhood. Uh and in my family, I'll show you the picture of my dad. And my mom here

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is my dad and uh here is my mom. My, my childhood, I uh I have two brothers and two sisters. I'm the fifth one. I'm the baby of the family. My family is uh uh everybody is very nice to me and I was spoiled maybe in

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the childhood. Uh But unfortunately, my dad passed away when I was uh eight and my mom passed away when I was 15. Uh but my brothers and my sister were all treat me very well. So, were you the youngest? Yes, I'm the youngest of the family.

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So, uh did they take care of you. Yes. Yes. Uh, and, uh, uh, I was taken care of by my mom when she is still alive and then my brothers can help you. Um, so, uh, what kind of schools did you go to? Oh, all the

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school I've been to, uh, since elementary and, uh, um, middle high school and high school are very good school in the middle high school is, uh, I was, oh, I was sent by the uh elementary school directly without uh any testing. And this school is very

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close to, to my uh home uh on the same street. So my mom said here is uh uh safe, uh safer for you just across the street, you can go to your school. So it's a female school. Ok. Uh And my high school is uh uh

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school um during our time, er, the name is uh Tianjin 16 high school. Uh it's very famous and very famous school in, during the China. It was uh uh found by uh uh American church in 19 thirties maybe. Uh It's very good school. Very prestigious. Ok.

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Uh So what kind of subjects did you study? You mean in the, in high school? Uh in high school? We just as a general. Uh we, we did not uh divided into subclass but during the last year we just uh uh uh some divided into diff

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uh different subject such as the culture or the um mm. Ok. So in Chi in high school in China, you do you choose um they make you, they separate, you either choose the literature route or you choose the uh stem route. So she chose a stem

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route. After, during our years, we have the medical and the agriculture. I choose the me medical and agriculture. Yeah, which is equivalent to ST mama stem. She's science, technology, engineering. So it's equivalent to the stem route versus the literature. Yeah. So that's the English translation. Chinese.

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It's uh uh medicine, agricultural, it's one route. And then um but you know the Massachusetts uh yeah, so the way they divide it, it's medicine and cultural um uh agricultural. It's one route. The other one is engineering, technology and math. And the third one is uh

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literature. OK. The third one is literature. So within the ST they separate about the medicine. Agricultural is one, it's the last year during the high school. OK. So why did you choose that route? Route? Oh, it's a family story. You know, I have uh two brothers,

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two sisters and my dad is a doctor. He has his own clinic and he save up the money for the education. He want all of us study medicine. But during uh I was born in 1944. This is the last year of World War. World War Two.

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After that, there is a civil war in China during the civil war in China. The uh the price uh the currency lost its value. Yeah. So everything, the, the, the currency lost its value. Everything, all the prices went up. So all the money my dad save

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for the gradual grade education for my brothers and sisters just come down, down, down, down, down the, finally he could only bought two bottle of the, er, antibiotics for his clinic. So, do not have money for my brothers and sisters to go to medical school. And

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then my dad said, um, send me to the medical school, uh, using the rest of the money for you. Ok. And how much older were your brothers and sisters? Uh, and they were, uh, 10 more years older than they were? 10 to 20 years older. 10

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to 17. Ok. 10 to 17 years old. Um, so, oh, instead of medicine, do, what did they go to? What fields did they go to? Hm. You mean in the man in the medical school? Uh, my, my sisters, one is the one son go to school,

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nursing school. Uh, and another is the OBG school but not the med, not the medical school. And then one of my brother is a finance, another is accounting. Um, so what other, what other influence did you have to go into medicine? Uh, actually, um, I, I

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was told that you need to be a doctor when I was very young. So I just think, ok, I'm a doctor and when my mother, my mother has, uh, diabetes. I always go to hospital with her. So I think the doctor is very respected by all

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the people, by the nursing, by patient. So I think, oh, I'll be the doctor. Um and what kinds of foods did you grow up eating? Oh, it's the traditional Chinese food. And my mother is uh was born in Suzhou. So our food is a little bit

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so uh southern style of China. We we eat a lot of rice. Uh not uh uh uh lot the flower food. So Suzhou is a city about an hour out of outside of Shanghai. Yeah. So it's at the cuisine in southern style Chinese style. Yeah. OK.

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Did you have a favorite class in high school that you remember? And my favorite class is two kind one is Chinese and another is chemistry. Our chemist, our Chinese teacher is graduated from Beijing University. Uh He's very good. He uh told all the story of each

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classes and I like his class. And I think during the those time I have very good uh memory, whatever he said, I, I can I remember and I can repeat out. And uh I, I think one time he asked us to uh prepare, there is uh

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uh um article by a Russian famous uh culture. And he just said um everybody have to pre prepare. And then when he has the class, he said, who did the pre um prepare? I raised my hand and uh he said, he said, OK, you are the

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only one. Nobody else raise their hand. So he just asked me stand up to say what you read about this. And then I just uh I, I just, so I can recite it, I can recite it. Yeah, I can. Famous Russian author wrote a book on

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Seagull. So my mother memorized the entire thing and she recites front of the class. Yeah, I just speak out from the beginning to the end. He was surprised. He said, I did not ask for that. I just asked for you to say the outline. I said,

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OK, um just what I remembered and he was very surprised. Uh and uh well, another um is the chemistry, our chemistry teacher is very experienced. He uh I learned a lot from her. Not only chemistry, she told us no matter what because chemistry, chemistry has all,

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has a, a lot of, has a lot uh formulas, yeah, formulas. And then she said, you, you uh each of you just remember the principle of each things and then you can, as long as you really understand that and then you can do any uh question,

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you can answer any question, you can do any exercise, I think uh at the beginning I did not realize, but I just remember that. So uh for all the concept, I read them three times and then I remember so by that way, all he all her

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class, all her tests. I always the top, top score and she said I never gave you 100 because I don't think everybody can be the perfect, the best I give is 98 or 99. So she said even if you, you think you are right? But always

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think about something you have lots. You did not know, never think about. Oh, I know everything. No. So I think all these things she said, um, I learned it's more important than the real chemistry. Cool. Um So what did you do after you graduated high school?

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Uh I just uh uh we uh in China, uh we just joined the national test. The all the uh whole national have the same test which is uh uh join that. And then you can uh you were selected based on the score you got to different

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uh college. OK. Um So just a little bit of history in China. Um it's equivalent to our SAT and AC T. So in order, so you go before you as a student, it's um is selected what college to go to? It's based on your college entrance

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exam. So the English translation will be college entrance exam. So after high school, that's basically what all the high school students have to do because that score determines what kind of college you get into. It's very restricted just based on the score. OK. So what college

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did you, I, I applied the uh Peking Union Medical college. During that time, it was called uh China Medical College. It is the top most prestigious medical school in China. And this school was uh uh just this medical school. This school was founded by Rock Fellow

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Foundation Medical School. It was founded by me by Rock Fellow Foundation uh Rock Fellow Foundation. It's prestigious medical school in China. So that was in Beijing, Beijing. So how, how far was that away from your hometown? Uh is uh uh my train is 25 miles, I

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mean 25 minutes train. This is the, this is the uh I think, yes, 1 40 kilometer kilometer. Oh gosh. How many miles is 100 60 170? It's how many kilometers to one mile? Oh, yeah. Ok. It's less than 100 it's the other one, the current high

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speed train. I know this because I just had to look that up for someone because we're going to China. It's a 25 minute high speed train ride from Beijing to Tianjin. So my guess is less than 100 miles away. Ok. So how did you um like

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when you got in, how did you feel? Oh, I feel um actually in, in our school during our years just, just uh 60 students for each year it's selected from national wide. Uh I think in our year is 60 uh it's uh from, but not every,

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it's just from five provinces the, the most. Uh and I think for if you were selected by a, if you can go to uh Po uh Peking Union Medical College, it's PO MC. Everybody think. Oh, you are great. So we, during those years, when we went,

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go into the uh school, we, we are very proud of ourselves. OK? To give you a little bit background. Peking Union Medical College was funded um found and funded by Rock Fellow Foundation about 100 25 years ago, it is the number one medical school in college.

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The undergrad. So you you get accepted into the medical college but the undergrad is done at Beijing University which is Harvard equivalent. It's the number one university in China. OK. So for um both my parents for them to be accepted. So currently they only accept 50

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show 40. OK. So nowadays they only think this is the history background. Um So currently they only take 40 students a year even today out of entire China. So during their year, you were 60. OK? Currently it's only 40 but during their year, it's only 60.

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So imagine out of the entire us, only 60 students are selected to attend the number one medical school or the number one college. Yeah. So that's how significant it is. That's what she was trying to convey. They were all very proud and, and here is the

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first generation of the and the my mom, what do you call for time? OK. What do you call uh So this is a six year program. Eight year, eight year program. So four years undergrad at Beijing University and four years medical school and then followed by

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17 year residency fellowship. Three years in Beijing medical school, five years, a year, five years. So five undergrad at five in medical school. Three years in premed in Beijing University. Three Beijing University. Five in the medical school. OK. So did you live on campus? Yes, Beijing.

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OK. We uh in the first three years we study at Beijing. In the Department of Biology. We have a um premed uh program. OK. So what was that like uh studying there? Uh I think those three years in Beijing University is uh um for myself is

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my happiest uh uh university life and we study hard to get, try to get a straight A but for the politics, I could not get a, I could only got b most of the students could only got b and the reason I do not want to

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mention that you can understand during China for those years but all the others uh I got a so we are very happy, we study hard, we are very happy and we play hard. Uh I joined. Uh here is some picture. Uh actually uh this year 1920

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18 is the 120 years of Peking University and this is there. Oh sorry, 100 20 years, 1 20 is Beijing. 100 is pu MC. Here is the last year. Um we celebrate the 100 year anniversary of a PO MC Peking Union Medical College. So I went

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back to Beijing to join this celebration. OK, sorry, 100 years. Not 100 and 25. Yeah. Uh for Beijing Beijing University. This is the the front, the front interest. Mhm And the here is some picture of the Beijing University, very famous um view. Yeah. And in Beijing

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University uh mo most of the student has to study hard because in our uh PO MC when we was admit admitted, the first thing is to tell the student if you have one class could not pass, you will uh step down to the next class. Uh

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If you uh you could only allow the step down one time if the second time go home. But uh even in Beijing University, the students need allowed two courses do not pass to go to the second, the second um class and you have you can go

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to twice to the second class but in PO MC, only one chance. So everybody has to study very hard. So let me clarify. Um the term is if you fail one class, you're held back for that year, you repeat that year and if you fail again,

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you're out, so you have one chance to fail one class, you held back one year, one chance and you don't pass you out. Beijing University. No, no that is Beijing university is twice. You're allowed to fail twice and held back twice. That's it. And then if

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you still don't, then they kick you out and then you forfeit the entire college education and you don't get a degree for that. And I can in our, in P MC when you get in the first year is 80 students. But the, the eighth grade, I

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mean, higher than our, just have 27 students left in the half class. Yeah. Yeah. So everybody has to study very hard. It seriously nobody push you. But if you do not stay the heart, your faith is here. So in Beijing University, we study hard. And then

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we I joined the the Beijing University choir group. So our choir, this is our performance performance in during the um national day and we are in the Tianmen Square. Now everybody can go there. Just some uh important um most famous school student can go there. This

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is our choir group at the Tianmen Square and we go to um Summer Palace during the summer. We we have the have to come together to um practice and then we play at the Summer Palace uh whenever we no, no matter where we go, we sing

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everywhere. So we are so happy and um for our, our group get win lots of champion during the universities in Beijing. So it's very happy years and our classmates we went to um different places to visit because Beijing has so many historical places to visit. So

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these three years is the highest university life even if you have to study hard. Yeah. Yeah, this is uh uh before 19 6, 1966 our, at the Beijing University is from 1962 to 1965. It's high pay years. And how much do you remember how much it

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cost to go to school there? Oh, actually this is the national school in China. There is no private university during those years. So we do not need to pay. So the money that your father said because those days is uh in not in the People's Republic

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of China. So and then after medical school you uh where did you practice? 00 I, you just jumped. You just got one jump. I I do not want to miss this jump but I do not want to say a lot about this jump just at, at

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10 I told in Beijing University the three years is the most heaviest years of the university after then. And something happened in China, the Cultural Revolution. So all the class stopped. So everything it changed uh during those years. Uh I uh this is uh when we

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graduated from Beijing University. This is the whole class. 1965 I think. OK. Mm and then, oh this is my car in medical school for years. Uh this 1967 and then 1968 I just have some picture when we uh just have first time we wear our lab

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white lab coat. Uh So uh I do not want to talk about it too much. I just show you the uh graduation picture. You can see all the students is us. The youngest one is the students. You can see lots of workers and a lots uh

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army. So mostly this is uh this is during the uh a uh during the Culture Revolution, those uniforms they have to wear where they chose to wear them. Just wait during the Cultural Revolution finally. Um workers and uh peasants and farmers. Yeah. Uh and uh and

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a and soldiers and the soldiers come to all the university and they have to lead out the university. So our uh during those days uh no matter our practice at the hospital and do anything, we have to have the star uh political study. We we just

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educated by them by the uh Chairman Mao's thought. So this is our graduation picture very uh Chinese way. You'll see everybody hold a red Mao's book. This is our, this is us. You can see this is bigger. OK. This is the history so elaborate on it

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to help you guys understand. So during the Cultural Revolution from, from 1966 to 1976 this is when Chairman Mao uh with the the his little gang of four, they turned the entire country upside down because he wants to solidify his absolute power, but he cannot be

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an emperor because they had just overthrown the empires. Um 50 years prior. OK. So what they started the Cultural Revolution, the purpose is for all educated, all your engineers, your physicians, your attorneys, everyone who is highly educated to be reeducated by the soldiers, the the peasants,

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the workers and the farmers, right? So then all the universities, all the setting, they sent army soldiers to uh lead the political studies. So political study is one of the mandatory subjects that they all have to follow. So what she was trying to say, when you

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look at their graduation picture, that's how they are dressed the way because they have to copy what the soldiers are wearing and everyone has to hold that little red book. Uh Priscilla, are you with the little red book Taylor? How much do you know about the

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little? No, you know, so the little red book has all the chairman's chairman Mao's thoughts and his philosophy, his teachings. So everyone in the country must always carry that little red book and must learn from it. Ok. So it's very difficult for um my Children and

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for your generation and Priscilla probably had done more Chinese history study to understand, to even fathom why are we forced to do this? No one had a choice. You must do it. Yeah. So my mom probably won't feel as comfortable talking about the history, but I'll

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try to explain in a very politically neutral uh language. Uh because we're recording this to tell you guys. But if you have any questions afterwards you can ask me. Yeah, I just show you this picture. So this is special. So can I ask how you felt

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during those time? Oh, I just, we just think we want to uh graduate as soon as possible. We do not want to stay uh even if we, we want to learn, we still have a lot to learn, but we still want to graduate. So to be

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free. No, actually, no, nowhere. But it's better when you step out and you know, uh and then your question is what I'm doing after, after medical school. OK. Uh After the medical school, I'll, I'll show you something when, when I saw your question. So I can,

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I can show you something and then I'll tell you, you asked me about the h because the H is uh uh closely related with where you go. And uh what are you doing in China? Taylor means the closest translation, Priscilla. Correct me. If you think if

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you have a better translation, a residence card, kind of like your ID. OK? Your ID, your residence card and everyone is assigned a, wherever you are assigned to, that's where you remain for the rest of your life. So Taylor imagine you're being told, OK, you're being

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assigned to Tucson Arizona and that's where you remain for the rest of your life. So imagine the, that's how, that's how it is back then. In China, there's no freedom. I think it's still still going today, much better today, not more, but still still uh about

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the. So I just uh in uh explain something in, in China, they are different city, the different system, the highest uh uh system is Beijing, the center part of China, the highest level in Beijing, there are a lot of local citizen and for several uh several

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um most important university um is in Beijing. So the students in Beijing in the in those university can have the Beijing such as the PO MC, our school, such as Beijing University, such as Tsinghua University el and then uh after um the highest is Beijing and

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then a few city is direct to Beijing but do not belong to any province during our time is uh Shanghai and Tianjin. Tianjin is my hometown. This is the second and then uh each city has a lot of different university. And uh China this Beijing, Shanghai,

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Tianjin and then province lots different province. They have the uh lots of universities. After the province, there is a district city and then county and then after the county, they have subdistrict, the lowest one, the basic one is the community in our time. They call the

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the community. So when we study are here, PO MC, we are here uh if no Cultural Revolution, all the graduate students of Po MC will go to uh PO MC Hospital or uh the Chinese attend me as signs of medicine. Uh sub sub sub group of

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the different uh hospital. They are all in Beijing. But after the just during the Cultural Revolution, we were sent from here to here all the way to the bottom community level. Uh No choice. You ask if uh uh this is your choice. Now, this is mandatory

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assignment. It's assigned, assigned. It's like you just graduated from Harvard Med. And they tell you, you have to go serve in the most remote area in Alaska and there you remain for the rest of your life. But even if Alaska, you could not stay at the

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capital city, you have to go to the smallest town, smallest town of Alaska with no highway out, you have to get in, you have to walk by yourself. So you were assigned to uh actually not the county. That mean the clinic is the very the, the

00:36:16.159 - 00:36:39.905

bottom bottom level. So what kind of patients we uh we uh in, in this small uh clinic, uh any kind of patient as long as the patient come to us, we have to treat. But if the big surgery we call there's no condition. So we send

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them to the county hospital a lot. Most of the patients are kids, uh kids and uh men, women out, out, out the generation. Um And how was that like practicing medicine? Like what kind of challenges. Uh you know, in when we are at uh uh medical

00:37:09.959 - 00:37:35.195

College P MC, we any patient come, we just have to do something such as to test their blood, uh their stool, their urine and get the x-ray and uh do every examination and, and then based on that, we gave the diagnosis, we gave the prescription but

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in the countryside, the only thing we have is the telescopes stethoscope. Yeah. Uh and then our finger. Um so the basic at the beginning, we could only less but or and should touch the patient cold just so. But even if this is different with the traditional

00:38:13.889 - 00:38:43.919

Chinese medicine, so the patients call us uh call us have the have the machine to listen to the disease. So everybody want us to use the but you know, we could only listen to for the um pulmonary disease and heart disease, all the others. So the

00:38:43.929 - 00:39:11.810

basic uh technique we learned in PO MC. It's the most helpful technique during the countryside. Did you work with mainly like a minority population? Uh uh No, our uh in our county and not a lot of minority but the most um most big minority is male

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m minority. There are some in the very high mountain area uh just in the in the treating. They, they come, they come from the mountain side and they, they speak the same language. Uh If they speak the mo the meow language, we could not understand but

00:39:37.659 - 00:40:02.310

they know we could not understand them so they never speak meow to us. They are very kind, very simple. They are very good. So, how was that? Like adjusting to that area? It's very international. And the, and for from our is a hand there is me.

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They are big, um, custom difference is they wear the dress but they did not wear in the room, but their dress is very heavy. So even if the, the wind blow, it could not blow their dress up, dress up. I remember when I, during the summer

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is very hot. I brought, I brought the two skirt with me and one day I wear the skirt. Uh, after I see the patient, uh, a very neighbors. Actually, she, a young girl, she just left my skirt. I said, what are you doing? She said nothing,

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nothing but everything. Everyone laugh. And they said, um, Doctor Lee is different from me. They just want to see if you will the end. But, um, the, the people are very nice, very simple. They treat us very, very good. Very well. Did you live with the

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host family or did you have your own? Oh, and my husband and I, we live, I'll show you the picture here. This is my son is Bridget's brother. This is Bridget, not twins. He's two years old. You see, this is our clinic. It's a 22 floor.

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We live upstairs the clinic. Is downstairs. Here is our clinic. This is my son. You can see just this picture. You can see the mountain, mountain, just Zhou, just mountain everywhere. You can see the mountain is very high. Do you remember the mountain? I think so.

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Uh in around our clinic there is a road is the uh just uh not uh road, just uh the the road but uh can can go through the, the uh car can go, but not that the sedan, it's the uh trucks, the trucks can go through

00:42:34.260 - 00:43:07.919

because in the high mountain, the areas, some coal and um my husband always hold her along this road and the very simple music. Yeah. Uh very simple music, uh just a few toes. So my daughter, uh her is not good because I do not have time

00:43:07.929 - 00:43:30.229

after work. I have to prepare dinner for the family. So, uh but even if during the countryside, I think during those years is better than in the big city because in the big city after your working hour, you have to uh stay, have to uh study

00:43:30.239 - 00:43:52.360

the politics. You could not go home until eight normally. But in the countryside after the dark, the patient is at home so we can be at home. So it's very required. It's good for us. So you met, where did you meet your husband? Where did you

00:43:52.370 - 00:44:13.600

meet your husband uh in the uh college in PO MC. So he was in the same program. Yeah. So we come, we were sent to this uh mountain area together. So, were you married? We married on the, on the, after we graduate on the road, uh,

00:44:13.610 - 00:44:39.360

on the way to this Guz? Oh, ok. But our certificate is in, we got the certificate in Beijing and then we got married in Tianjin and then just, I come with him to visit his mom and his sisters and then we go to Guizhou. Ok. And

00:44:39.370 - 00:45:03.010

when, when one trip? Ok. So did you have your Children in, in Guizhou? And they both of them were born in Maotai? Do you know Ma? Oh, ok. Maotai is a name of a town, not a city, just a small town. So Maotai is famous in

00:45:03.020 - 00:45:22.870

China because that's, that's the town where the most famous liquor, you know, our has whiskey, China has multi. So m is the name of a liquor. It's the liquor that's in a white bottle. It's the highest alcohol content liquor, the hard liquor in the world. And

00:45:22.879 - 00:45:39.870

it's what they serve at all. The state banquet. When you go to any state banquet in China where a big fancy Chinese banquet here here, you probably can get the real ones, but that is considered the state liquor. And that's the name of the town where

00:45:39.879 - 00:45:57.760

they were sent to. And what makes that liquor famous. It's the water and the soil. It's one part of China where the soil is dark red, like a clay, dark red clay soil and they have unpolluted water. So imagine like Fiji water flowing through the special

00:45:57.770 - 00:46:11.760

part of soil. So it makes the water sweet. That's why you cannot duplicate this liquor anywhere else in the world. It has to be in that region. That's what makes it has. It's a very fragrant. When you open a real bottle, Mol the entire room will

00:46:11.770 - 00:46:27.469

be permeated with that fragrance. It's a very pleasant fragrance. It happened to have very high alcohol concentration. So uh so any Chinese people, when you say they all know what it is like whiskey, right? What we, we just say whiskey and people know, oh Scottish, not

00:46:27.479 - 00:46:52.360

Irish, the Scottish whiskey. Yeah. So that's what is it happens to be the name of the town and all the uh American presidents when they visit to China on the National Banquet. The Mountain is the National. Um Yeah. OK. Um So do you remember, do you

00:46:52.370 - 00:47:14.139

have any memorable experiences? Um being a physician in Guizhou? Yes. Uh Actually, I just want, I just want to tell you one story. Uh I think in Guizhou, one story is there is uh I learned, I just tell you this story one time. Uh there is

00:47:14.149 - 00:47:36.534

a heart failure patient. So I was asked to go to home, to go to their home to treat that patient because I use CD. This is uh a medicine treated. The patient has to be in and uh has to use in three days in different dosage.

00:47:36.564 - 00:48:01.550

The second day I went to their home and all the, um, just the patient and her and her daughter in law is at the home. Uh, and after I give the injection, I have to wait until the second injection. When I was stand on, on the

00:48:01.560 - 00:48:25.455

floor, on the door of the kitchen. Her daughter in law just called me Dr Lee. Come in. Do not stay there. The dog is dangerous. So I am a fear of the dog. The country dog is they rarely bite people. So I just step into it

00:48:25.465 - 00:48:45.489

and then I, she's cooking, uh, she cook for the whole family. Oh, I read, oh, I recognize that she's pregnant and, uh, maybe in the late pregnant. Oh, I just, I, I asked her, when is your due date? She said, oh, just these two days and

00:48:45.500 - 00:49:07.000

she did not talk to me. She just do her things very quick. So I think, but she gave me a cup of tea and let me just sit inside the kitchen. Uh, so she did her thing. I just sit there and I, I stepped into the

00:49:07.010 - 00:49:33.939

room to see the patient later on. I just saw some people go around, go around and, uh, the patient is got serious. So I don't know what happened. LA maybe one hour later. Um, a lady is, uh, who is their neighbors told us uh she delivered

00:49:33.949 - 00:50:04.830

a girl, a baby girl. And uh I think this lady is very, very strong because during her make the cooking the uh lunch for the family. I know I I am the doctor. I know um during, during those times she has pain but she still stand

00:50:06.159 - 00:50:41.780

until the last minute to finish all the work she should do and then go to her room to deliver the baby. So from her, I learned is uh and strong uh 10, 10 tenacity, tenacity, and uh strength and she's very pure and very simple. And this

00:50:41.790 - 00:51:05.709

is one story, another story. Um I think all of us were touched when we are leaving those area. Uh because this mountain area is not easy uh for the transportation. And uh we were, we worked there for four years. We know a lot of people and

00:51:05.719 - 00:51:35.250

then we know uh a driver, a truck driver. She, he work in the in city and he's from Hebei province. So it's close to Tianjin. So we are uh uh people from the same province uh not should be hang on, hang on. Give me a second.

00:51:35.260 - 00:51:49.610

Um You know how when you meet someone from uh you go somewhere else and you meet someone from the hometown. Same hometown. Is there English word to describe, let's say you and I both realized, oh my gosh, we're both from Texas. Is there English word to

00:51:49.620 - 00:52:07.110

describe that you are from the same place there is there English equivalent I can't think of. Yeah, but the, but so when people, because in China it's rare that you meet someone from the same hometown, you know, because it's not as mobile. So it brings you

00:52:07.120 - 00:52:28.949

closer right away. So that's what means means by itself is old hometown. So someone that you meet at a different land from your hometown and it brings you closer together. Yeah. So uh uh he said, ok, uh I will uh give you a ride. I can

00:52:28.959 - 00:52:55.070

move all your family, all your items from here to uh because this is just on his way. And uh so we just uh uh lots of different lots, the local um a pet um farmers just help us to load in the things and the student and

00:52:55.080 - 00:53:21.550

they, during those hours just the school uh release hours. So students go back and then um they just told their parents, Doctor Lee and Dr Shen will move to and then later a lot of people from different um our, our clinic is higher from different places.

00:53:21.560 - 00:53:50.409

Just come together. They hold different things and meat, eggs and noodles, different things. But we could not accept uh and uh one is uh dam Yeah. Yeah. But then 00 mute. So let me give you just a little bit because my parents treated everyone in the

00:53:50.419 - 00:54:05.645

surrounding area. So they were very well respected and loved. So when I heard that they were leaving. All these people came to say goodbye and they want to express their gratitude. So they brought whatever they could. So one guy is mute, he couldn't talk. Yeah. Uh

00:54:05.665 - 00:54:33.979

Just a few days ago, my husband treat her, treat his only daughter just save her life and, and the he could not speak mute milk, he could not speak, but he hold a basket with the Red Dam. Uh date dates, right? Date, right? Date, right? Date.

00:54:34.479 - 00:55:05.729

And we are really touched personally. And uh we just told all these people so we appreciate it. They say goodbye to us and I just uh get hit the the basket of the red date, red dates. And then I said um he just returned all of

00:55:05.739 - 00:55:33.399

uh all of you. So we just accept this as accept all of your immediate. Yeah. So um and uh her brother hold this and then we say goodbye to them. What, what year was that? 1970? Ok. So I was two years old and my, my brother

00:55:33.409 - 00:55:52.989

is four years old. My brother was born in 1969. I was born in 1971. So this is 1979 when, when the car because the the road is in this way. So when go away, we still can see people. So where did you go to, where did

00:55:53.000 - 00:56:22.340

you travel to after that? Oh, we was uh relocate to medical school to uh do the research and do the teaching, so teach the medical students. So was that by choice or no? No, this is by chance, by choice. Oh, there is another story. Uh during,

00:56:22.350 - 00:56:57.620

during those years, the medical college was moved from d the original uh they are medical school in uh north northwest of China. East mummy, northeast. No, north east of China. And they are very good medical school. Uh but they moved to, they have to be moved

00:56:57.629 - 00:57:21.699

to and then set up the medical school. Um for uh the reason is uh not very simple, is um it's too complicated to ignore it. OK. Let me give you an analogy. So you guys understand the significance of it. OK. So the analogy would be because

00:57:21.709 - 00:57:38.840

you asked several times, you, you make me smile every time you ask, is it a choice? So during that time, the entire country is turned upside down. So imagine the best medical center in Boston being forced out of Boston and have to go somewhere and not

00:57:38.850 - 00:57:53.409

like going to a city like Philadelphia or Dallas or Houston, but forced to a city. Let's give an example. League city. You you all know where Lake City is, right? It's not, it's not in Galveston, it's a tiny city in in between clear Lake and Garston.

00:57:53.600 - 00:58:16.590

So imagine the entire Boston Medical Center being forced out to reestablish itself in Lake City. So just imagine the significance of that. So is a very well known beautiful coastal city uh in the northeastern part of China. So the entire medical center there, let's just use

00:58:16.600 - 00:58:36.139

the word forced to relocate and they relocated to. So is not the capital of Guizhou Province, provinces state. It's another big city. So they reestablished there. But then when they are reestablished there, they need because any hospital need a good doctor. So they've heard about my

00:58:36.149 - 00:58:53.040

parents. So they want my parents to go to that hospital to work there and also to teach there. So that's why they were again now being sent from the small town that they served now to. So you went from town to a city? OK. So you

00:58:53.050 - 00:59:18.189

taught there from 1972 to 1978. Yes. OK. And um uh and then after that, you went back to Beijing back to Beijing to get your degree in physiology, master degree, master's degree. So was that was that your choice to get a masters degree? Why did you

00:59:18.229 - 00:59:45.495

choose? No, actually uh one way was locate to medical school uh at the beginning uh I was there first and the uh I was assigned to internal medicine and my husband was assigned to microbiology department. He likes that. Uh And when we, when I go back

00:59:45.504 - 01:00:19.459

to move the family there and uh uh I was told uh because you were from PO MC in medical school in the Department of uh Physiology. There is a very famous uh teacher. He is very famous professor as national recognized professor. He said, oh if he

01:00:19.469 - 01:00:43.120

was heard there uh in the new uh teachers, they are one, there are two from PO MC. Uh He said I want one of, of them to go to our uh physiology because PO MC is the best medical school I want them. So I was assigned

01:00:43.129 - 01:01:13.389

to the to this department in p in physiology. This is 1973. But for, for me, it, for both of us, it's very hard because we are physicians in the countryside. We are familiar with all these, the the common disease but not physiology is a scientific uh

01:01:13.399 - 01:01:37.929

uh subject is uh teach the medical student that the normal function of the whole um body, different uh um teacher, different organ, different system. The normal function for me is a learn, I have to learn, I have to learn very uh start uh start very hard.

01:01:37.959 - 01:02:13.500

And during the 1987 in China, something change. The 1977 1977. Yeah, Chairman Mao died in 1976 and 1977 just all this system was set up the the gradual the school system was reopened and we heard that we want to go to the graduate school. I think

01:02:13.510 - 01:02:39.570

we need to uh recharge ourselves and, and the medical college because they are in Guizhou is far away from Beijing at the beginning. Uh when we just we if we want to uh register. We have to report to the direct department director and uh uh we

01:02:39.580 - 01:03:10.120

report when, when one level by one level. And then, uh my husband told us, told me, um, we were told, do not allowed to uh register uh to register to register the graduate school. And he said, and they said they will uh send us to get

01:03:10.129 - 01:03:39.280

the education you can go to anywhere you want, but you have to stay here. Uh, I think, no, it's not correct. I could not follow this. And then I found that the, the, uh, newspaper there is, uh, uh, rules, um, uh, by the highest, the, uh,

01:03:39.290 - 01:04:00.270

and the rules. Yeah, I found that paper and I bring that paper go, I do not talk with the local or with the department. No, I just go to the highest authority of the medical college and a teacher, uh, uh, just, uh, talk with me. I

01:04:00.280 - 01:04:23.110

show him this. I said, did you read this? Um, because he's the political, uh, teacher. He said yes. And I told him, uh, I want, uh, my husband and I want to register to the graduate school. Uh, I want, I need your support. Please support us

01:04:23.120 - 01:04:50.860

register. We just joined the national test and if we could not get accept will stay. And, uh, so, um, do the work very well and continue, um, study, uh, and as working and then we do the study. But, uh, he said, uh, he said a lot

01:04:50.870 - 01:05:15.129

of reason still know. And I told him, he said, just tell me one word why you want to go. I told him I have 10 years experience working experience, but I do not have 10 years level as, uh, medical school teacher, I need to get to

01:05:15.139 - 01:05:46.979

this level. And, uh, then I'm lucky the hires the person, uh, that the, uh, the, the highest, the per, uh, the person of the community uh party in the medical uh college Jess Co Chairman, political department chairman, just step in. Uh actually, he just recover recovery

01:05:46.989 - 01:06:11.679

from the uh from stand uh stand by to the position. And then, and that teacher introduced me to him. And then I wrote to him because I'm young, he's aged and I told him, I want, I, I show him the uh newspaper and I told him

01:06:11.689 - 01:06:33.050

I want to um register for the uh graduate system. Uh He said, where you want to go? I told him Beijing PO MC. And then he said, OK, and he said, let us discuss this. We haven't discussed yet. I said, OK, I can wait but uh

01:06:33.090 - 01:06:53.479

as long as they are because I'm not graduated from their school, uh we know the difference, they treat us uh and those treat their students, we know the difference. But for the small thing, that's OK. But this is the big thing. So I just told him,

01:06:53.689 - 01:07:21.429

uh as long as there is one person allowed to register. I think we want the same opportunity. That's it. He said ok, uh we'll let you know and then I say goodbye to them. And in the afternoon my husband told me, ok, um you can register

01:07:21.439 - 01:07:41.320

now. We were noted we can register. So I brought her to do the register and remember and then um I brought her to do the register and then, you know, I think I do, I think I do remember. Yeah, I think I do now that my

01:07:41.330 - 01:08:00.860

mom take the bus. Yeah, and I want a popsicle. That was my reward for behaving well. Yeah, to, to do the register. And uh my husband said, are you sure you can get accepted by the P MC? I told him I'm not sure because in the

01:08:00.870 - 01:08:28.680

10 years nobody is uh started all these professional but nobody studied the professional. But I stay at the medical school for five years already. So I may be in advanced compare with all the people still in the countryside. I want to do my best. I have

01:08:28.689 - 01:08:50.000

to do that. Otherwise we could only stay in the mountain area. Her name is she Yuan. Do you know what the meaning of Yuan? No. Ok. There are too many in the university there is uh hang on. Actually let me interrupt, mama. Hold the thought. My

01:08:50.009 - 01:09:10.819

my just hold you for a second. I think there's a lot of explanation. So they understand the significance. Ok. So during 1966 to 1976 all higher education, all colleges, all all graduate schools were shut down. Imagine today our government make announcements starting today for the next

01:09:10.830 - 01:09:32.759

10 years. No higher education and both of you, college students are sent to the poorest part of us. Deep Louisiana to be reeducated and there you remain for the rest of your life. Imagine. Right. These are political circumstances. So 1976 Chairman Mao died 1977. All higher

01:09:32.770 - 01:09:50.310

institution, all colleges graduate school programs are reopened after entire decade of being shut down. I I want, I want that to sink in for a second. Ok. So remember the chart that my mom showed you earlier, the graduate from the highest institution sent all the way

01:09:50.319 - 01:10:05.689

down to the very bottom, the lowest of the low. So what the story that my mother just share with you is she's fighting for that opportunity to just to register to be tested and just because you want to go back now, she wants to go all

01:10:05.700 - 01:10:21.520

the way back up here. Ok. No, they're different. Let me finish my way. They already let me finish. So they understand. But in order to get there, she has to get retested both. Um she and my father have to take all this examination. It's like college

01:10:21.529 - 01:10:39.042

entrance exam all over again to be accepted, but they've been denied even the chance to register to test. So she just story she just shared is her tenacity, fighting for that chance to register to test. And then following that because I do remember that because they

01:10:39.053 - 01:10:52.206

left us at home by ourselves. Um because I had to study. So I after working all day, they have to go study that. I think that's where my fear of darkness came because they did give us one of the student like a babysitter who scared me

01:10:52.215 - 01:11:07.726

with these darkness stories. So these things are coming back to me just sitting here listening to that. So my parents are fighting for that opportunity to have that one chance to do very well on the test to be accepted back by P MC to go back

01:11:07.735 - 01:11:23.410

and do a master degree even though they have their MD degree. So later on, she earned her master in nephrology kidney. My fa my father earned a master's degree in immunology. So the story that my mom's about to tell you the significance of our names. I'll

01:11:23.419 - 01:11:40.600

just tell you English and then she would, she can tell hers is the name of the campus of Beijing University. And also my first name of the part of my name could also the original word is three fire. OK. Uh The the word has changed now,

01:11:40.609 - 01:12:01.970

but my original one also means um a spark can lit up the entire um can can um like a, a spark can, what's that English saying? Can burn the entire prairie. Right, the entire forest. So my parents, for their generation, they couldn't see the hope so.

01:12:01.979 - 01:12:19.430

Imagine your life being turned. It's completely out of your control. They couldn't see the hope in 1977. That was the first glimmer of hope of a life that they're not doomed in a little town forever for their Children. They were fighting for that spark of hope.

01:12:19.479 - 01:12:50.350

I still remember that in the medical college we are from here to here. It's by the two and by the relocation first and the second is have to go from here to here. This is by the gradual graduate school. And a actually we have to take

01:12:50.359 - 01:13:14.439

test and not just as it's just corresponding to the G MATT. Yeah, but it's a lot different and not uh just uh the G A is the English but I think GM has different uh subject, uh has the biochemistry, uh physiology and uh English and uh

01:13:14.450 - 01:13:41.879

uh politics and so everything uh uh it's national test, just not uh not just the local, local test. Uh Maybe it's easy. Na national test is very tough. Um So throughout this time, how are you balancing work and family life? This is a good question. Actually,

01:13:41.950 - 01:14:12.459

I feel a little bit sorry for my daughter and my son. Thank you during those days. Um At the medical college, I have both my husband and I will have to study er, hard to catch up all this knowledge and then we can teach the medical

01:14:12.470 - 01:14:34.725

students. Uh we just uh uh learning and working all these things together. And there's another thing has to go to countryside again, to teach, to uh bring all these medical students to go to countryside and uh to do lots of different things because we are younger,

01:14:34.734 - 01:14:53.859

the generation in the medical school, all these hard work were assigned to us. No other choice. We have to do that. But as long as we are there, I feel happy because the students are good. All the uh things is kinda under my control. I can

01:14:53.870 - 01:15:11.120

control it. But in the school, I could not control anything. I have to listen and then do it. So, so this is another story. I just say how I can balance them. I want to say uh sorry to my daughter and to my son during the

01:15:11.129 - 01:15:30.370

medical school during medical school because all the extra uh after work time, I have to cook for the whole family after they eat and then I clean everything. My husband and I, we have to let them go to bed and then my husband and I go

01:15:30.379 - 01:15:54.470

to the uh again to do this study. So we set up, you have to go to bed at eight. Uh during the summer the eight is still very bright and then her brother and herself just uh just talk with me. Mom can is still very bright.

01:15:54.500 - 01:16:16.314

Every kid are playing, uh, down stairs. Can we play a little bit longer? I say, oh, yes. It so, really? So I told my husband you can go first and then give you 30 more minutes. So they, after they wash, they take shower and then play

01:16:16.325 - 01:16:33.560

30 minutes. I, when, whenever I call them and then they heard my calling, they just come back, go to bed and then they said, can we talk a little bit? I said just a little bit. So just leave them alone. But by that time I could

01:16:33.569 - 01:16:50.990

not leave, I have to wait until they fallen sleep and then I can leave. But sometimes I do not leave. I just stay at home to do the study, let them to go to bed. This is one thing put um push the force, force them to

01:16:51.000 - 01:17:21.629

go to bed as early as possible. Another thing is um for she is going to uh elementary school, but I asked her brother to teach him one year ahead, both the maths and the Chinese. And uh I just teach just um ga the older one, but

01:17:21.640 - 01:17:46.060

all the things I can um delicate dedicate them is during my cooking time. So when my cooking, I, I just saw her homework uh and then her bro, there's homework and actually her first teacher is her brother. Do you remember that? No, but I'll take your

01:17:46.069 - 01:18:07.390

word for it. OK. So I feel I feel sorry I did not spend a lot of time with them, but there's no other way. If I did not study hard, I could not catch up the development of the uh time of the science, I could not

01:18:07.399 - 01:18:29.169

go um get the high score in the um graduate, graduate uh school admission test. I could not go back to P MC. So there is uh so to answer point of view question, um the building that we live in is all the people who work at

01:18:29.180 - 01:18:42.049

the medical center. So uh the kids just form just like neighborhood kids, right? So and the mountains right in front of us. So I do remember we had a lot of free time roaming around the mountain because you just got a whole bunch of kids and

01:18:42.060 - 01:18:59.370

just go roam and have fun. Yeah. So it was, it was ii I actually have memories of us catching tadpole and grow them then go release them. So it was a lot of free time. But when my mom, 72 to 71 were sent back to by

01:18:59.379 - 01:19:11.129

herself at that time because she had shared the story with us where my brother and I were actually left in the country because they couldn't bring kids with them because they were sent to, to work. So at a very young age, my brother and I got

01:19:11.140 - 01:19:28.109

used to being separated with our parents like for a year at a time for six months of time for a month. At a time, we're used to do that because from 1978 to 1982 when they actually got accepted into P MC Master Degree program for four

01:19:28.120 - 01:19:48.229

years, we were separated again. My brother and I were sent away to Changzhou to live with my dad's older sister. So it's to grandma. 00, during the first time? Ok. You're right. Uh So during those four years, we were only allowed to see my parents for

01:19:48.240 - 01:20:02.430

like once a year during summer for like AAA week or two. And then we would write letters. This is before face time before Snapchat before like all the. So there's, there's no way we could talk to each other. We're just letter writing for four years. I'm

01:20:02.439 - 01:20:21.473

just fast forwarding it along a little bit. OK? So they took the test, they passed the test. They both got that. It was a huge honor uh actually of best to this question so we can pass it. Um For, for my uh feeling, I think later,

01:20:21.482 - 01:20:43.996

I did the two things uh to be between the work and the family. I, I make two decision, one decision is in 2000 five. I think uh there is a chance for me to go back to China to work in the Beijing uh life and the

01:20:44.005 - 01:21:13.759

Science Institute. But I gave up because even if there is very good chance for, for me to um work um in China can um use all my knowledge, use my er, lots advanced technique. Uh but I gave up because during those days, uh both my daughter

01:21:13.770 - 01:21:37.044

and my daughter in law, they just have, having a baby and then uh they are both family. They, even if they have many during the routine life, but sometimes if they need uh something happened uh such as the kids uh uh has things like that. They

01:21:37.055 - 01:22:00.080

need my help. So I think I stay, uh in the Dallas. So, and the background of them, whenever who need me, I can go uh their home to help. This is, this is the one decision. Another decision is in uh 2012, my daughter just, uh, um,

01:22:01.740 - 01:22:21.459

uh, asked me to get retired to, she said your granddaughter is growing up. If you do not spend time with them, they were growing up, they want to close to you. Actually, this is just one, this is what she said, but I think is, um, during

01:22:21.470 - 01:22:46.560

the early time, uh, during the early years, I did not spend time with her and with her brother and I feel sorry for that. But if, uh, now I got tired, I got retired, I'm still healthy. I'm still, uh with the working condition. I got retired,

01:22:46.589 - 01:23:12.009

I can help them. So I just talk with my boss. He's the chair of the, uh, in uh, of the Ins Heart Institute. And I told him what I think. Um and then appreciate for his understanding. He agreed, I go back to Texas. So I got

01:23:12.020 - 01:23:29.750

retired early to help my daughter to educate her daughters and then to help my son uh whenever he need me. So my mom just literally jumped from the new 78 to 2005. No, it's too part to answer your question. How do you balance work life? So

01:23:29.759 - 01:23:47.689

she gave two examples of how early on in our life she was forced to be separated from us because there was no choice. But later on she sacrificed her own professional advancement to choose to stay with the family. Which is because by 2005, uh my younger

01:23:47.700 - 01:24:00.810

one and my brother's younger one and the 2004, the chance is so the chance. So we were both pregnant with our number two at the time. Yeah. So she was answering your question. It's about the circle of life, right? Yeah. Yeah. So go back to your

01:24:00.819 - 01:24:36.359

question. We are hearing like kind of the end of the interview. Um But I just, what did you have any questions? My pretty care to um the last one, the last question. Um um How, how do you identify yourself? Oh This is uh I actually I

01:24:36.370 - 01:24:53.129

write, I just think how I can identify myself. I just write down. It's not uh I I do not think about very well. You can, you can see, I can give you this, you can see. Yeah, if you think uh it's not uh uh accurate or

01:24:53.140 - 01:25:16.020

something changes, you can do the edit. Every, every, each word, each word has a story. I just, uh, or uh, I guess, uh, do you, I, do you still identify yourself as, like Chinese or Chinese American? Oh, I think uh I'm not, uh i, it's a

01:25:16.029 - 01:25:36.620

mixture, I'm not the typical Chinese now and I'm not a typical I'm American, but I think it is Chinese American. Um And is there I know we, we have you got, you had a lot of stories um for your time in China. So we didn't get

01:25:36.629 - 01:25:50.359

too much of your time in America. Um but we can definitely do a follow up interview. But um is there anything else you would like to add about your time in China? That's OK. OK. Yeah. Uh because uh in China there are a lot of story.

01:25:50.390 - 01:26:13.524

Uh I actually, I want to explain something in the course of history. That's mean the history is some sometimes up sometimes down, especially in China. We are just up and down in the history. So I, I we experienced the up and down that mean the, the

01:26:13.535 - 01:26:41.359

life, the different, the so the sweet that the bitter, the, the everything. So um we, we are not so easy and we are not always so sweet life now, but we experience different taste but all these taste. Uh, uh, actually I think I'm the, uh, optimistic

01:26:41.370 - 01:27:04.120

one. Yeah. And she chooses to be optimistic. Yeah. I see the personality difference. She's taught my brother and I choose optimism, choose positivity, choose optimism. Yes. And then no matter what time and I have my, how, how to be, uh, the, as, uh, I, I have

01:27:04.129 - 01:27:35.970

my bottom line always treat people honestly and, uh, mm, which, yeah, sincerely honestly and persist in studying and learn something new. I always learn something new. So um I can catch up um every everything or what I want to learn. Uh And I want to say

01:27:35.979 - 01:28:00.279

one thing is um unfortunate. The thing is uh in the course of the life, there are a lot change point such as uh this, there are lots change point. I could not, I could not change the point. But when there's something has the turning on, I

01:28:00.290 - 01:28:23.270

always get crapped that turning on to change our life for the whole family. And uh because I treat people honestly. So I always had some nobles to help me to push me, give me a push to catch up the train to go to the in front

01:28:23.279 - 01:28:37.220

of the time. Thank you so much for your time. Uh Thank you for giving, for giving me this opportunity uh in your program. Well, I appreciate it. Thank you.